Angola
I-Angola, ngokusemthethweni iRiphabhliki ye-Angola, lilizwe elise-west-central coast ye-Southern Africa. Lilizwe lesibili ngobukhulu elikhuluma isiPutukezi ngobukhulu nabantu begodu lilizwe lesikhombisa ngobukhulu e-Afrika. Inomngcele nge-Namibia ngeSewula, i-Democratic Republic of the Congo ngetlhagwini, i-Zambia ngepumalanga, kanye ne-Atlantic Ocean ngeTjingalanga. I-Angola inephrovinsi ye-exclave, iphrovinsi ye-Cabinda, enomngcele we-Republic of the Congo kanye ne-Democratic Republic of the Congo. Inhlokodolobha nedorobha elinabantu abanengi khulu yi-Luanda.[1]
Ngemva kobana ukwanda kwamaBantu kufikelele esifundeni, imibuso yabunjwa ngekhulu le-13 begodu yahlelwa yaba ziinhlangano ezihlangeneko. UmBuso we-Kongo wakhuphuka ukufikelela ubukhosi hlangana neminye imibuso kusukela ngekhulu le-14. Abahloli bamaPutukezi basungula ubudlelwano ne-Kongo ngo-1483. Ngesewula bekunemibuso ye-Ndongo ne-Matamba, nemibuso ye-Ovimbundu ngaseningizimu, kanye ne-Mbunda Kingdom ngepumalanga[2]
I-Etymology
editIbizo elithi Angola livela ebizweni lamaPutukezi elithi Reino de Angola ('Umbuso we-Angola'), elavela ekuthomeni komtlolo ka-Paulo Dias de Novais wango-1571. Ibizo lendawo lathathwa maPutukezi ngesihloko esithi ngola, ebegade siphethwe ziinkosi zeNdongo nezeMatamba. I-Ndongo eendaweni eziphakemeko, hlangana nemilambo i-Kwanza ne-Lucala, beyiyindawo yoMbuso we-Kongo. Kodwana ngekhulu le-16 bekufuna ukuzijamela okukhulu.[3]